Lit Review - 1861 Words

We live in a world where advancements in technology are constantly changing, people are connected to each other almost every waking minute of the day, and our social lives are of the upmost importance. We can look throughout history and see how big business has always found its way into the next great technological advancement, and now is no exception. The sudden burst of social media websites onto the scene has created an avenue for business to target specific and large amounts of people. This literature review will discuss just how companies have altered their marketing ways to keep up with the times in an every growing industry where the competition level is set exceedingly high. It will then narrow down to how different marketing†¦show more content†¦This campaign was executed perfectly because of the way it made people want to forward the video to other people within their social network. Perception of content quality within a video is based off three things control, i nclusion, and affection (Southgate, 102). The KONY 2012 video posses all of these traits mainly focusing on inclusion and affection in a way that makes the user feel as if they are part of something bigger and want to share this message with his or her peers. Quality perception can also be broken down into two categories: content quality perception and content empathy perception (Southgate,102). KONY 2012 most certainly falls under the content quality perception because of the intent in which people decided to share it with was to provoke strong feelings to the recipient, while empathy is forwarding a video with the expectation of feedback from the recipient. Other campaigns such as Old-Spice’s YouTube video campaign that portrayed actor Isaiah Mustafa an over-dramatized manly man, relied on extreme humor and comedic violence to intrigue consumers (Chen) . This campaign started in February of 2010 and only 4 shorts weeks after it launched, Old-Spice body-wash sales went from 27% to 107% mainly due to the campaigns electronic word-of-mouthShow MoreRelatedLit Review1303 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature paper 2/27/14 A Simple Heart Trying to figure out how Flaubert wanted readers to view religion in his short story â€Å"A Simple Heart† is challenging at times. Felicite has been misunderstood by many regarding her representation of religion. Her innocence is not to be look at as a burden, it allows her to share a good relationship with the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit had been reduced to taxidermy as it portrayed as Felicite’s per parrot Loulou. Felicite’s spiritual worldRead MoreAnth106 Lit Review1309 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Main Article: The Advantage of Standing Up to fight and the Evolution of Habitual Bipedalism in Hominins Citation: Carrier, D.R. 2011, The Advantage of Standing Up to fight and the Evolution of Habitual Bipedalism in Hominins, PloS ONE, vol. 6, no. 5, May, viewed 5 September 2012, Web of Science Database. The aim of this study was to determine whether assuming a bipedal stance, will provide an advantage for striking with forelimbs. Results were determined through humanRead MoreLit review Essay718 Words   |  3 PagesManuel Rodriguez Professor Dr.Selitto Enc 1101 W50 2/18/2014 â€Å"Alone on the Hilltop† In Lame Deers story â€Å" Alone on the Hilltop† he recalls the moment in life when his first hanblechia occurred at the age of 16. The first scene begins on the hilltop where Lame Deer had been brought by Chest, the medicine man. Lame Deer has been left all alone on the hilltop for 4 days nights with no water or food. The only thing that he had with him where his star blanket which his grandmother had knittedRead MoreHr421 Lit Review626 Words   |  3 Pagesassigned duties. The following chapter, Chapter 9, discussed methods of employee development. This chapter covered current trends associated with formal education, effective development strategies, as well as how to design a development program. This review will focus specifically on mentoring, coaching and the benefits associated with each method of training. Mentoring and coaching both want to achieve the same goal, a productive, highly motivated employee for their organization. A mentorRead MoreWomens History Lit Review1872 Words   |  8 PagesNot From Without, But From Within A fresh, personal, bottom-up approach to the women’s labor movement in the early 20th century The article From the Russian Pale to Labor Organizing in New York City written by Annelise Orleck reveals how the working class immigrant community played a significant role in influencing women’s labor movements in the early twentieth century. Orleck maintains that as a result of their background, Jewish women had an experience in America different from most women. SheRead MoreSample Lit Review on Hypertension11736 Words   |  47 Pages2. Literature review This chapter reviews the literature on hypertension and hyperlipidaemia and their relation to risk factors including age, gender, genetics, diet and weight, alcohol, smoking, lack of activity and co-morbidity. It also examines mediating factors including economic factors, stress/personality, medications, lifestyle modifications and complementary therapies including foot reflexology and foot massage. Finally, it reviews outcomes (quality of life) including physiological, psychologicalRead MoreEnglish Language Learners Lit. Review3197 Words   |  13 PagesClassroom Engagement, Home Connections, and ELL Students Angela Johnson Washington State University Literature Review This literature review is my work in progress for my master`s final project at Washington State University. My chair Dr.Tom Salsbury recommended some of the articles that I included in this literature review. The key words are engagement, motivation, English language Learners, reading, struggling readers, parent involvement, home literacy, literacies, home-school connectionsRead Morelit review zero hour contracts3086 Words   |  13 Pagesguaranteed any set number of working hours nor obliged to take any offered. The individual therefore only receives pay for the working hours for which they are required: hours which may be subject to variation on a daily or weekly basis. Literature Review The percentage of people employed on a zero hour contract in the UK market according to a survey conducted by the ONS (2013) is that larger companies were more likely to use zero hour contracts, hotels and restaurants have a high use of zero hourRead MoreLit Review on Child Marriages in Nigeria2420 Words   |  10 PagesCHAPTER 2 Literature Review 2.1 Background Historical researches aimed at improving sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in Nigeria have focused on unmarried girls and boys. This can be partly attributed to the assumption that male and female adolescents are unmarried and solely responsible for risky sexual behaviour and unwanted pregnancies. However, there is a wide prevalence of early marriages in Nigeria. Nationwide, 19% of girls were married by age 15, and 43% by age 182 (2003, NDHS)Read MoreLit Review on High Intensity Interval Training Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesHigh intensity interval training (HIIT) is a new popular method of exercising that optimizes your workout by completing a series of short, high intensity exercise (90% of your maximum heart rate =220-age)., followed by longer, lower-intensity exercise (55 to 70 % of your maximum heart rate=220-age). High intensity interval training is said to be significantly more beneficial than other forms of cardiovascular workouts because it challenges the body differently and is more extreme then a moderate

Economic Crisis in Europe Free Essays

How does Economic Crisis Affect European Union and how Does EU Reacts Introduction to the European Union and the Economic Crisis It is a fact world wide that we are facing an economic crisis. There are many Countries inside European Union that can hardly respond to the values of the crisis. The whole commission has to Decide and act properly for all those countries that can hardly respond to the crisis. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Crisis in Europe or any similar topic only for you Order Now The depth and breath of the current global financial crisis is unprecedented in post-war economic history. It has several features in common with similar financial-stress driven crisis episodes. It was preceded by relatively long period of rapid credit growth, low risk premiums, abundant availability of liquidity, strong leveraging, soaring asset prices and the development of bubbles in the real estate sector. Stretched leveraged positions and maturity mismatches rendered financial institutions very vulnerable to corrections in asset markets, deteriorating loan performance and disturbances in the wholesale funding markets. Such episodes have happened before and the examples are abundant (e. g. Japan and the Nordic countries in the early 1990s, the Asian crisis in the late-1990s). But the key difference between these earlier episodes and the current crisis is its global dimension. ( http://ec. europa. eu/economy_finance/publications/publication15887 ) THE CRISIS FROM A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE A perfect storm. This is one metaphor used to describe the present global crisis. No other economic downturn after World War II has been as severe as today’s recession. Although a large number of crises have occurred in recent decades around the globe, almost all of them have remained national or regional events – without a global impact. So this time is different – the crisis of today has no recent match. To find a downturn of similar depth and extent, the record of the 1930s has to be evoked. Actually, a new interest in the depression of the 1930s, commonly classified as the Great Depression, has emerged as a result of today’s crisis. By now, it is commonly used as a benchmark for assessing the current global downturn. The purpose of this hapter is to give a historical perspective to the present crisis. In the first section, the similarities and differences between the 1930s depression and the present crisis concerning the geographical origins, causes, duration and impact of the two crises are outlined. As both depressions were global, the transmission mechanism and the channels propagating the crisis across countries are anal yzed. Next, the similarities and differences in the policy responses then and now are mapped. Finally, a set of policy lessons for today are extracted from the past. A word a warning should be issued before making comparisons across time. Although the statistical data from previous epochs are far from complete, historical national accounts research and the statistics compiled by the League of Nations offer comprehensive evidence for this chapter. Of course, any historical comparisons should be treated with caution. There are fundamental differences with earlier epochs concerning the structure of the economy, degree of globalization, nature of financial innovation, state of technology, institutions, economic thinking and policies. Paying due attention to them is important when drawing lessons. (http://ec. europa. eu/economy_finance/publications/publication15887 ) Responses to Crisis In a single market and a huge trading bloc like the EU, coordination of national economic policies is important. Through such coordination, the EU can act with speed and consistency when faced with economic challenges, as the current economic and financial crisis. Sixteen countries have even one step further by adopting the euro currency. The framework for cooperation in economic policy is Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), whose members are all EU countries is a framework within which countries agree common guidelines on important issues of the economy. The final result of the cooperation is more growth, more jobs and higher level of social protection for all. Moreover, this cooperation allows the EU to respond to global economic and financial challenges in a coordinated way. The EU as a major trading power, is more resilient to external shocks and, thus, can effectively address the various economic and financial problems. The EU has faced in a coordinated way the current financial and economic crisis, from the first moment occurred in October 2008. National governments, the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Commission work together to protect their savings to maintain the flow of credit at affordable terms for businesses and households, and to establish a better system of global management of the financial sector. The aim is not simply the restoration of stability but to ensure that the conditions to re-launch growth and job creation. So far, EU governments have placed more than 2 trillion for the rescue effort of their economies. European leaders have coordinated their interventions, providing support and allowing banks to grant loan guarantees. The EU also increased state guarantees for private savings accounts to 50,000 euros. The use of the euro as common currency in many European countries worked very positively during the crisis. Helped the EU to react to the global credit crisis in a coordinated manner and provide greater stability than would happen without it. For example, as the ECB could cut interest rates throughout the euro area (instead of each country sets its own exchange rate), banks across the EU can now borrow or lend to each other under the same conditions . The euro is used daily by more than 60% of EU citizens Having a single currency was a win-win for abolished the cost of converting currencies at leisure or business trips within the eurozone, abolished or significantly decreased in almost all Where the cost of cross-border payments; consumers and businesses can easily compare prices, thus fostering competition. Participation in the euro zone is a guarantee of price stability. The ECB sets the key interest rates at levels designed to keep medium-term inflation in the euro area below 2%. It also manages the foreign reserves of the EU to intervene in currency markets to influence the euro exchange rate. (http://europa. eu/pol/financ/index_el. htm ) Europe, mistakes and the economic crisis The crisis was born on August 9, 2007, when the European Central Bank (ECB) introduced 95 billion liquidity to markets, while the BNP Raribas freeze three investment funds because of subprime had value. The injections are slightly stimulated the patient and the ECB has gained credibility. Apart from the monetary policy should, however, warned governments to take steps to eradicate the evil and to prevent the liquidity crisis be turned into a solvency crisis. Then the ECB was slow to cut interest rates. When in March the European Parliament held a debate devoted to these issues in preparation for the European Council in April, the former Irish Finance Minister Charlie Mc. Creevy had preferred to keep racing †¦ Also the perception of Manuel Barroso’s role is questionable. Rather than enshrine it in the spirit of community spirit, arrested him as a dead leaf which is led and borne by the wishes of the Council: the Commission should propose only what Member States want. The organization of the Commission creates a blind spot in understanding this crisis. The macroeconomic and related issues with the markets depend on two different committees. In the European Parliament in October 2006 calling on the Commission â€Å"to pay more attention to the effects of market behavior on the macroeconomic situation in the euro area. Because there had to break the morale of the household, mobile motorized development, and because it was easier not to go ahead, the governments leave the ECB to intervene alone. Adopt them journey to the lessons of the crisis are not dealt with the pollution of subprime, the address of which is limited to calls for transparency from banks. But this is contrary to the rules of the market because it requires â€Å"players† to risk their reputation. Transparency could be only by on-site inspections, for which nobody had the means. In the spring the International Monetary Fund released figures decline in growth in Europe while car sales fell in Germany. In the holy alliance of the European executive and the ECB decided that the data were under American influence and too pessimistic. By optimizing the expectations we had in denial of reality. After a serious error assessment of the Bush administration ran away evil and rotten egg of subprime cut the mayonnaise in the world economy have serious economic and social consequences. The decision to leave at the Lehman collapse Vrothers on September 15 caused a systemic crisis marking the death certificate of the Reagan-Thatcher era. In Europe-in this new phase of the crisis-the first reflex was to rescue the Irish, which has decided to guarantee all deposits of banks. Angela Merkel initially denied any plan to support the European banking sector. After Nicolas Sarkozy left alone against the German refusal, Gordon Brown presented his own plan and moved to the Eurogroup. As a former Finance Minister of the main economic spot of Europe, he knew very well what he was talking and was able to combine the political imperative for action control mechanisms. Nicolas Sarkozy, who has made Jean-Claude Trichet in the class of head of state or government, seemed to be trying to play a kind of changing the State Monopoly French capitalism, industry and the media depending on the mood. This was perhaps another reason why the banks refused the first version of the plan and forced the state to offer loans without taking any involvement. We thus present a massive plan to support banks without exchange intervention to long-term strategy. There is also a risk that the pressure for reforms to evaporate with a new relative stabilization of markets and argued that any significant change endangers the fragile economies. Finally, the European response to banking crisis will be in parallel with national plans. An ambitious Commission will undertake to lead the implementation of these projects to be used in a European strategy. Europe can provide the best, the ability of the default rules, is the soft power of the modern era that is so necessary by globalization. For this reason the Commission should rediscover the nature and take-back initiatives is one of the great challenges of the next European schedule. (http://www. tovima. gr/default. asp? pid=2ct=6artid=23784dt=18/11/2008 ) Economic crisis leading to â€Å"relaxation† of EU rules on deficits The ‘relaxation’ of the rules on deficits under the Stability Pact (up to 3% of GDP) in fact go the European governments, as the financial crisis requires more government spending to avoid recession. Although the head of the Eurogroup Jean-Claude Juncker said at the meeting of four European leaders in Paris on Saturday that â€Å"the Stability Pact should be respected† in its entirety, is a common belief within the EU that will be tolerated a-temporary-breaching the 3% of GDP as the primary objective in this very difficult international situation is the stability of the system. Officially, most EU leaders insist on fiscal discipline is, but everyone knows that without government intervention the situation will deteriorate and European economies will slip into recession. The ‘culture’ that prevails in Europe, captured the French president Nicolas Sarkozy, saying that â€Å"the implementation of the Pact should reflect the exceptional circumstances where we are. † The â€Å"exceptional circumstances†, according to international organizations, the most serious economic crisis of the Great Depression of the 1930s. This issue will be addressed by the European finance ministers Monday (Eurogroup) and Tuesday (Ecofin) in Luxembourg. The ministers will discuss the crisis and will refer to measures taken in their countries to reduce the impact of the credit â€Å"suffocation†. The EU prefers assistance â€Å"in case† and, for the moment at least, does not discuss the possibility of a common reserve fund (suggested and took back then N. Sarkozy) to rescue the banking and general corporate financial industry tested by the crisis. How to cite Economic Crisis in Europe, Papers

My Papa free essay sample

My family in the past makes up who I am and what my family will be in the future. Being of Japanese decent was not the most desired characteristic. Drastic changes were occurring in the 1940’s for citizens of America who were of Japanese heritage. Discrimination and scorn spread like wildfire throughout the countryside. Like thousands of other families, my great grandma and her three children were taken to an internment camp in Colorado during WWII. Tattooed with the family identification number in the camp, my Papa had to get out. Serving the country that had imprisoned his family was the only way. Signing his life over the Army, my grandpa was now heading down this path of character building and shaping at just fifteen years old. Although I may not be in a harsh life situation, I feel as though I have my own battles to fight every single day. We will write a custom essay sample on My Papa or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The judgment he received was not something that he deserved, nor was it something he could control. He was born with a certain ethnicity flowing through his veins. To prevent such treatment again, my great grandma changed the family last name so that the government would not suspect their Japanese origin. My Nana knew she had to take action to protect her family. The permanent damage was already done to my Papa’s opinion about this so-called ‘perfect’ country. This land of freedom and liberty was now clouded with a vision of sorrow filled faces waiting to return home to their loved ones. Having gone through extreme situations, my Papa is wiser than anyone I know. His words are priceless and should be cherished more than they already are. After typical conversations about life and what is the most current event, my mind goes off on tangents exploring more logical thinking than it was before. Each talk is beneficial for my knowledge. Learning from his past and look ing forward is no longer a motto but a way of life for him. No complaining words will leak out of his lips about his childhood. Grateful for his past, my Papa is not the typical loving and personal grandparent figure. Awkward hugs and annual ‘season greetings’ cards to the family make my Papa unique. These differences raise the love meter bar for my Papa just that much more. After an action is already performed it cannot be undone. I learn to make everything count towards my personal goals. My journey of life will be extraordinary with paths that seem illogical. My Papa had not one little hint on his explorative and unhinged path of life. But I will always keep in mind that on my journey, someone has faced worse than I have and if they can manage through tough times so can I. I will be same strong person inside and out. Although there might be a different place and time of year, I forever will remember who I am and what made it possible for me to be a special member of this world. My family’s past has created my present. I represent my family’s name. Bearing it with a smile and my head held high I will strive to be a figure for someone to look up to like my Papa.